Electrocardiogram (EKG)
The EKG is the oldest and most basic method. The electrical impulses of your heart are recorded. While it might seem archaic, doctors can detect tissue damage or reduced blood flow problems from the data of these tests.

Nuclear Stress Testing
A radioactive substance is introduced into the blood, which allows gamma-ray cameras capture how blood moves through the heart.
While this process is efficient, the testing time can be lengthy and the patient is exposed to small amounts of radiation.

Echocardiogram (ECHO)
Utilizes ultrasound waves that are directed at the walls of the heart and bounce off. Doctors analyze the images from a heart at rest then under stress to determine areas that aren't getting enough blood. This method is only effective in highlighting major changes to the structure of the heart.

Coronary Angiogram
Is highly effective for viewing the arteries that feed the heart. A catheter is inserted into the patient and is directed towards the heart. A dye is then injected into the patient, allowing doctors to see any blockages in the arteries. Because of the surgical nature, Coronary Angiograms come with a greater risk.

CT Scan
Uses an advanced x-ray and computer imaging system to produce the clearest images of the heart and arteries. This method exposes the patient to some radiation and may not produce accurate information in some patients.

PET/CT Scan
Uses a combination of CT technology in concert with positron emission tomography to isolate areas that have restrictive blood flow as well as narrowed arteries. The PET/CT Scan is an expensive method that is not widely available. This method also exposes the patient to some radiation.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
A magnetic field is created to get the nuclei of heart cells vibrating. This vibration emits radio signals that are captured and converted by computer. The result is an amazing 3-d image of the heart that allows doctors to identify problems like fat deposits and calcium plaque in the arteries. This technology isn't advisable for patients who have implants like pacemakers. MRIs cannot detect calcium deposits in the arteries, which could indicate major problems like extremely narrowed vessels.